The Failure Of Heart Failure - 999 Words

The human body requires a supply and demand process within itself to enable nutrients and oxygen to provide homeostasis and metabolic demands throughout each organ system. The most prominent organ effecting this process is the heart, which by using the cardiovascular system supplies every other system throughout the body with the oxygen and nutrients by pumping them throughout the blood. When the demand is not met or the supply is too great it can be considered heart failure. Understandably heart failure is a worrisome term. To think one of your most vital organs is failing and unable to provide what is needed for basic survival is terrifying. However; there are many stages of heart failure that can range from mild to severe. Therefore,†¦show more content†¦Class 2 is classified when a patient has only slight limitations of physical activity but they are comfortable at rest. Class 3 is considered when a patient has marked limitations of physical activity and is broken down into 3A which is when a patient is comfortable at rest or 3B when they have dyspnea at rest. Class 4 is when the patient has symptoms at rest, the patient is unable to perform any physical activity without having discomfort. Stage D is considered Class 4 and is end stage heart disease that requires treatment. Information obtained from Jaski, Brian E. 2015. The 4 Stages of Heart Failure Left-Sided Versus Right-Sided Heart Failure There are two main types of heart failure. Left sided heart failure and right sided heart failure. The left ventricle is the largest chamber of the heart, and is also the most common site that fails in heart failure. When the left ventricle starts to fail it allows the blood that is normally pumped out into the circulatory system to back up into the left atrium due to the weekend left ventricle not pushing all the blood out. This leads to a cascade of events that lead to a backup in the pulmonary system allowing fluid to accumulate in the lungs which in turn causes shortness of breath. Right sided heart failure is less common than left sided heart failure and is usually caused by the problems associated with left sided heart failure over time. When the rightShow MoreRelatedThe Failure Of Heart Failure1517 Words   |  7 PagesABSTRACT Heart failure is one of the leading causes of mortality, both globally and in New Zealand. It is defined as the inability of the heart to meet the bodies metabolic need for oxygen and is characterised by a decrease in cardiac output. The body has many intrinsic mechanisms to attempt to maintain cardiac output, including activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). The RAAS cascade acts to restore cardiac output by increasing fluid retention, thus increasing blood volume andRead MoreHeart Failures Of Heart Failure782 Words   |  4 Pages Heart failure describes a medical condition when the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to the body [85]. While heart failure does not mean the immediate stopping of the heart, it is a serious and fatal condition. A study has found that the 4-year mortality rate for chronic heart failure was 43% for patients with preserved systolic function, and 54% for patients with reduced systolic function [86]. Heart failure is prevalent, wi th about 2-3% of adults worldwide showing signs of heart failureRead MoreThe Failure Of Heart Failure2760 Words   |  12 PagesCongestive heart failure, also called heart failure or CHF, is one of the fastest-growing syndromes in the United States and worldwide. It is a condition with high hospitalization and high mortality rates as well as a compound medical regimen that significantly affects the patient’s lifestyle and that of their family. The term alone, â€Å"heart failure†, is enough to scare the bravest client and cause the rise of numberless concerns and questions. Patients may worry and exclaim, â€Å"Did my heart stop workingRead MoreFailure Of Congestive Heart Failure1262 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Almost every one in the United States knows a person suffering from congestive heart failure. This disease has manifested its way into the lives of so many—the statistics are astounding. According to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, nearly 5 million people are affected and it is the main reason for hospital admission in older adults over the age of 65. This is a great cause for concern. In order to reduce the morbidity and control this epidemic, we must first understandRead MoreFailure Of Congestive Heart Failure1149 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction Congestive Heart Failure is the Inability of the heart to maintain the demands of pumping blood with normal efficiency to other organs, such as the brain, liver, and kidneys (Congestive heart failure, 2008). Without the heart carrying out its functions, all the organs in the body would be deprived of sufficient blood to do its work, the kidney will no longer filter its blood leading to fluid accumulation in areas such as the lungs, liver, legs, and surrounding eye, when thisRead MoreThe Heart Of Heart Failure1167 Words   |  5 PagesAmericans have been diagnosed with heart failure† (Mancini Colombo, 2015, p. 2542). Heart failure is a condition where the heart does not pump as efficiently; therefore, it does not meet the needs of the body. There is a growing number of heart failure patients each year. â€Å"More than 300,000 deaths per year are attributed to heart failure, and the annual cost to manage these patients is close to $40 billion† (Mancini Colombo, 201 5, p. 2542). Since the heart failure population is steadily growingRead MoreCongestive Heart Failure And Failure1389 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Congestive heart failure (CHF), also called chronic heart failure or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) is a clinical condition where heart muscle is weakened and cannot pump the blood as well as the normal heart. The ventricle, also known as main pumping chamber of the heart become larger or thicker which leads to inability to contract or relax as it should. â€Å"There is no universally agreed definition of heart failure (Denolin et al., 1983). It is the consequence of cardiac disease, diagnosisRead MoreFailure Of Congestive Heart Failure2459 Words   |  10 Pagesincreasing frequently (Drug Store News, 1997). Congestive heart failure tends to be more common in the elderly, men, and also African Americans. Congestive heart failure has become the most common cause for current hospital admissions. Among causing prolonged hospital stays congestive heart failure has a very high mortality rate, which has declined since recent medical advancements. So what is congestive heart failure? A simple definition is the heart s inability to pump blood to the rest of the bodyRead MoreFailure And Treatment Of Heart Failure2085 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract: Heart failure affects over 5 million people and carries a high rate of mortality. Ivabradine, a new agent has been added to the current medical options for managing heart failure. It is a selective inhibitor of sino-atrial node and slows its firing rate, prolonging diastolic depolarization without any negative inotropic effects. In 2006, BEAUTIFUL trial evaluated patients with stable coronary artery disease and heart failure and found a significant reduction of coronary events, coronaryRead MoreThe Failure Of Congestive Heart Failure1090 Words   |  5 PagesCongestive heart failure is a chronic condition that is responsible for the highest number of hospitalizations among adults. Readmission rates after hospitalization also remain high, with 50% of patients being readmitted within 6 months of discharge. (Desai Stevenson, 2012). The Affordable Care Act penalizes hospitals with readmissions within 30 days after discharge, making readmissions a focus of hospitals nationwide. Several factors including discharge planning, patient education, diet restrictions

Moral hazards in financial system Free Essays

Loans and the Housing Bubble Burst A moral hazard in economics is where someone takes a risk that they wouldn’t normally take because they know that the consequences of that risk not paying off will be paid by somebody else. The case we will be discussing will be the housing bubble burst and it relates to the topic because lenders took great risks lending money to people that could not afford it knowing their banks were too big to fail and he government would have to bail them out. To begin this case we must first give a brief summary. We will write a custom essay sample on Moral hazards in financial system or any similar topic only for you Order Now After the dot. Com bubble burst of 2000 and the attacks on the US on September 11 the US economy was at a great risk of going into a recession. Central banks around the world including our federal reserve tried to stimulate the economy by reducing interest rates. This made a lot of people see the opportunity to make money and they started taking on riskier investments like for example buying houses that they knew they couldn’t afford hoping to flip it in a couple of years and make a great deal of money. Lenders saw this as an opportunity to make money as well by lending all this money but they did It with high risk approving people with supreme credit that would normally never get approved for these loans. Consumers kept this trend going and every year more and more supreme mortgages were being Initiated until 2006 when the housing bubble anally burst. The result was more foreclosures per year than had ever been seen before in the US and many lenders and hedge funds having to declare bankruptcy or need government ball outs. Moral hazards in financial system By caricaturing this as an opportunity to make money as well by lending all this money but they did it more supreme mortgages were being initiated until 2006 when the housing bubble need government bail outs. How to cite Moral hazards in financial system, Papers

Managing People - Systems and Culture

Question: Discuss about the Managing for People, Systems and Culture. Answer: Introduction Qantas is a well-recognized airline across the globe. With its huge success stories there are several associated stories which demonstrate the issues, conflicts and failure in resolving the grievances. The major ups and downs started taking place rapidly after the 70 years of great success of the airlines. The issues generally took place in relatively all the major functioning units of the airways such as incorporation of ethics, leadership, change management, human resource management, quality perspectives, strategic planning, decision making approaches, industrial disputes, building innovation, enhancing capabilities and brand maintenance (Qantas, 2015). Issues and industrial conflicts at Qantas The major issues which took place at Qantas were because of the establishment of AFAP i.e. Australian Federation of Air Pilots which has empowered the pilots to leave Qantas and work for other international airlines. There took place the privatization of the airlines in the year 1993 which impact Qantas by selling of a share of 25 percent to the British Airways. The situation which impacts Qantas in a catastrophic and disastrous manner was the collapse of Allco in the year 2008 because of the global financial and economic crisis (Mules, 2013). As a result of these crisis there took place several management changes in the airlines which have given rise to enormous management and labor issues. Qantas invested in an Asian-based airline which had shaken the two major unions i.e. the Australian and International Pilots Association and Australian Licensed Aircraft Engineers Association. It was stated by the airlines that these two associations are developing barricades in the path of growth and innovation as they are continuing with the old practices and demands much higher perks and pays for those services. There were various industrial actions which took against Qantas in order to protect the rights of the pilots. The issue between the unions and the airline keeps on snowballing and the situation was worsening (Creedy, 2011). The situation took a deteriorate condition when in reaction to the industrial action the airline has keep on halt of all the international and the domestic flight for two days which was a decision of the CEO of the airlines Alan Joyce. And this was an underwhelming decision which was opposed by the workers, employees and even by the passengers. The one more issue was the job cut offs as the airlines declared that it will cut off 500 jobs for reducing the cots but when the actual decision took place the results were that 2800 jobs were cut off which was approximately ten percent of the overall population (Taylor, 2016). And this creates extreme managerial issues in the airlines. There were increased ethical, managerial, decision making issues which were rising rapidly and thus the airline was suffering from losses and other conflicts for continuous years (ABC, 2011). It was analyzed that there were various other airlines except Qantas who were major players in the airways industry but they were not such extreme industrial conflicts which took place at those airlines in comparison with Qantas and this was majorly because of the ineffective ways of resolving the conflicts as well as the authoritarian rule which governs the airlines. In the year 2011 when there were grounding of the operations of the flights for two days and this decision was the aftermath effect of the industrial actions taken against the airlines by thE union association. It was found that this decision was an unethical decision by the airlines as without any prior information the airline halt its operation because of which thousands of its passengers had to suffer a lot and this action was regarded as an escalation in the commitment made by the airlines to provide peaceful and delighted services to the customers. It was also analyzed that Alan Joyce was found to be an individual decision maker who does not concern with the management authorities for any change and individual took major decisions such as grounding of the airlines. This was a major management issue prevailing in the airlines (Daily mail, 2014). From the case there were reflections of the SWOT analysis of the airlines as its innovativeness, wages to the staff, improved customer services were the biggest strengths of the airlines whereas the management issues, industrial conflicts, authoritarian rules, sudden decision making were the weaknesses which had made the airline suffer a lot. There were various opportunities and threats also which were discovered by the case study such as the airline has opportunities to have various more flights to cover the untapped regions and the threats were the industrial actions against the airlines and the increasing competition in the aviation industry (Taylor, 2016). The case study shows that there are transformational changes which is very much evident in the case study of Qantas as there is a need that only authoritarian decision making should not be there in any company there is a need that there must be transformations in the functioning but with a proper analysis of the needs of the employees and other associated members. Alan Joyce has been analyzed as a transactional leader as similar to a transactional leader Alan Joyce also promote compliance by the employees or the workers by both ways that is the punishments and the rewards. It has been identified when at the response of the industrial actions Alan Joyce suddenly took action of grounding of airline and decisions regarding cutting off the jobs of various workers (CAPA, 2014). The decision of grounding of flight was completely an unethical decision making as it was first an individual decision making which has no involvement of the management authorities, employees or other associates. It was recognized as unethical because there was no prior information regarding the decision and the decision have made problematic for the passengers as the flights were cancelled and the major sufferers were the passengers only (Smith and Howard, 2012). There are various strategies and solution which can be recommended to the airlines which can improve the services and management of the airways as well as also help in resolving the conflicts taking place at the airlines. The airlines must firstly have an integrated approach in the decision making. The integrated approach means when there are taken opinions and viewpoints of all the respective authorities and associated members which might get impacted with that decision such as there must be involvement of the workers, management authorities whenever any sort of decision has to be taken in the company (Sangkuhl and Elfriede, 2016). The next recommendation is to have greater employee engagement, which emphasizes on having better plans and programs which can increase the engagement and involvement of the employees so that the needs and requirements of the workers can also be accomplished while achieving the organizational goals. Thirdly instead of the negative responses over the vario us opposition from third parties the airline must have an optimistic approach in dealing with the situation such as have corporate conferences to have a settlement rather than harsh and unethical decisions like grounding of the flights. There is also a need that the operations undertaken must be in compliance with the various laws and regulations such as labor laws, international business rules etc (Ashurst Australia, 2012). The airlines must have a strategy of correct regulation balance which focuses upon have adequate changes in the functioning, operations and management as there must be relevance with previous set standards and policies so that the new regulation dos not hamper the working in a negative manner so the correct regulation balance is required to maintain within the airlines. Another proposed strategy is the airlines must have a balanced approach to conflicts which emphasize on resolving the workplace conflicts in the most possible constructive manner. As when the conflicts are resolved with a negative an d an un-balanced approach there are chances that negative outcomes will arise and the conflict will also not get resolved whereas with a balanced approach there are significant chances that people will get influenced and support the decision and the conflict will be resolved with no other subsequent issues (Forsyth, n.d.). Conclusion Every organization or business entity has some or the other issues in its business lifecycle but the most significant need is that the issues and conflicts must be identified with a forecasting approach so that plans can be prepared to deal with the situations as well a constructive approach is the vital element to have sustainability in the business and to have outcomes. Thus from the case study of Qantas there are various lessons which can be learned that how the management issues and conflicts can converted into a big picture if not resolved appropriately as well as the need of ethical decision making is a must to have smooth business operations. References ABC, 2011. Qantas grounds entire fleet, Accessed on: 3rd November, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-10-29/qantas-locking-out-staff/3608250 Ashurst Australia, 2012. Outcome in the long-running Qantas dispute with the Transport Workers Union, Pp.4. Accessed on: 3rd November, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=2ved=0ahUKEwj63NSMvI7QAhUJOY8KHdnzAlMQFggjMAEurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ashurst.com%2Fdoc.aspx%3Fid_Content%3D8113usg=AFQjCNHTb_I0a4682GyUT7CJzShsZuFMmwcad=rja CAPA, 2014. Qantas responds to deterioration: cuts 5,000 jobs 50 aircraft but changes are overdue, Accessed on: 3rd November, 2016, Accessed from: https://centreforaviation.com/analysis/qantas-responds-to-deterioration-cuts-5000-jobs--50-aircraft--but-changes-are-over-due-154979 Creedy S., 2011. Qantas grounds all flights over pay disputes with unions, Accessed on: 3rd November, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/aviation/qantas-grounds-all-flights/story-e6frg95x-1226180313383 Daily mail, 2014. Australia's Qantas Airlines named safest air carrier in the world after going more than 60 years without a fatal crash, Accessed on: 3rd November, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2536797/Australias-Qantas-Airlines-named-safest-air-carrier-world-going-60-years-without-fatal-crash.html Forsyth, A., n.d. The evolving pluralistic approach to employee representation at the enterprise in Australia, Pp.19. Accessed on: 3rd November, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.jil.go.jp/english/reports/documents/jilpt-reports/no.11_australia.pdf Mules, R., 2013. Workplace Disputes: The Qantas Disputes And The Toll/Coles Dispute, Pp.8. Accessed on: 3rd November, 2016, Accessed from: https://moodle.plc.nsw.edu.au/pluginfile.php/6370/mod_page/content/20/Vol%2024%20No%204.pdf Qantas, 2015. A Strong, Sustainable Future, Qantas Annual Review 2015, Accessed on: 3rd November, 2016, Accessed from: https://qantas2015.reportonline.com.au/system/files_force/downloads/full_qantas_annual_report_2015-1.pdf?download=2 Sangkuhl and Elfriede, 2016. The Fair Work Australia Decision on Qantas: Entrenching the Imbalance of Power between Employees and Employers? ACADEMIC JOURNAL ARTICLE University of Western Sydney Law Review, Accessed on: 3rd November, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-290622526/the-fair-work-australia-decision-on-qantas-entrenching Smith G. and Howard, L., 2012. Stuck In the Terminal With The Gates Firmly Shut: Suspension And Termination Of Industrial Action After Qantas, Pp.16. Accessed on: 3rd November, 2016, Accessed from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/DICTUMVicLawSJl/2012/6.pdf Taylor, E., 2016. Qantas slashes 5,000 jobs as it posts A$252m H1 loss, Accessed on: 3rd November, 2016, Accessed from: https://web.archive.org/web/20140227120533/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/qantas-slashes-5000-jobs-as-it-posts-a252m-h1-loss-396383/

Risks associated with acts of God free essay sample

There are various approaches that can be used in assigning probabilities of acts of God. This includes drawing of risk impact/probability chart which helps the risk manager to decide which type of risks requires more attention. Scientific approach can also be used in assigning probabilities of acts of God. Scientific approach is an appropriate approach in managing risks and making decisions under conditions of uncertainty such as acts of God. Risk managers can also use lay people response to occurrence and probability of risks as a result of acts of God (Attar, 2010). As a risk manager, I prefer using risk impact/probability chart because it demonstrates both the probabilities of the risk occurring which ranges from anywhere just above 0% and below 100%. The probability of risks associated with acts of God is also expressed. Additionally, the impact as a result of the risk is shown. The approach that cannot be used in assigning probabilities to acts of God is use of lay people response; this is because it is biased, unscientific and ill-informed approach. We will write a custom essay sample on Risks associated with acts of God or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Part 2 . The source of valid data for estimating chances of a single act of God is history records that are already kept showing the frequency in which the events occurred in the past. From these records, the risk manager is able to estimate the chances of an act of God occurring in the present. According to the concept of conditional probability, it argues that the probability of an event or outcome occurring is mainly based on the occurrence of a previous event or outcome. In risk management, conditional probabilities are mainly contingent on a previous result. In the exposure of due intelligence, I will apply the concept of conditional probability by multiplying the probability of the preceding event by the updated probability of the succeeding event. References Attar, H. (2010). The Scientific Approaches to Risk and Risk Management: A Critical Review. Retrieved August 16 from http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=tasr.2011.386.393org=10

Digital Television essays

Digital Television essays The technology monster is growing faster and faster everyday. Not even the people who create the newest gadgets can keep up with the exponential growth. For example, I bought an Apple G4 duel processor computer over the summer, at the time, it was the best factory consumer computer you could buy. I enjoyed my computer for five whole weeks until I was reading through a magazine and saw Apples announcement to release their new G5 model, the fastest computer on the market. Now this didnt make my computer obsolete, mine was still a great, but it just goes to show the never-ending process of technology continues to get bigger and better. This is the case with the emerging trend of digital technology. I believe the future of digital TV lies in Interactive Digital Television. Interactive Television is the combination of the Internet with TV. This involves responsive, user-controlled elements to the traditional broadcast video and audio signals. Imagine a device that would allow you not just to watch TV, but also to interact with it. You could watch whatever you wanted, skip the commercials, stop for a minute and check your e-mail, chat with some friends, change your mind about what movie youre watching and completely pick something new to watch. The idea would be an ideal machine that would allow you to do watch or find whatever you wanted to whenever you wanted to. The concept of a device like this is not far away. Many digital systems are available such as Divo TV that are bridging a way for us to soon have a portable interactive multimedia system in which we could quite possible do anything we want to do in the digital world. In the digital TV era, advances are being made to improve consumers needs and wants. The analog Video Cassette Recorder is in danger of being completely replace with digital storage units including RAM, caches, hard disks, and recordable optical discs. Such a device would theo...

The Best Content Marketing Checklist To Make You More Successful

The Best Content Marketing Checklist To Make You More Successful We’re firm believers in the power of checklists. They’re essential for ensuring your work is efficient and effective. Nearly any task can be broken down into a logical list of steps. Following those steps makes sure projects are done right the first time, every time. That’s why we’ve created this extensive  content marketing checklist. Its made up of several smaller lists of basic steps for a variety of content marketing areas. Whether you’re a writer, designer, or project manager, there’s something useful for you here. You can download these  checklists in one editable Word doc within this post. Weve also included a template to create your own project checklist (plus five bonus checklists). The Best #ContentMarketing Checklist To Make You More Successful Table of Contents Content Marketing Project Management Checklist Keyword Research Checklist Blog Post Writing Checklist Proofreading And Copyediting Checklist Social Media Campaign Planning Checklist Email Marketing Checklist SEO Checklist Image Design Checklist Landing Page Checklist Video Marketing Checklist Podcasting Checklist Why Should You  Use Checklists For Content Marketing? There are three key benefits for following this checklist: Organize your workflow.  It’s easy to waste time wondering where to start projects. It’s even easier to succeed when you know exactly what to do. Ensure projects are thoroughly completed.  How many times have you kicked yourself because you missed a minor detail on a piece of content? Checklists help prevent common maladies like typos, missing details, factual inaccuracies, and more. Be more efficient and effective.  You’re busy. That means you need to make the most of your limited time. Checklists help you get more done faster by making it clear what needs to be done. Don’t simply take our word for it, though. Atul Gawande, author of The Checklist Manifesto, says: Good checklists †¦ are precise. They are efficient, to the point, and easy to use even in the most difficult situations. They do not try to spell out everythinga checklist cannot fly a plane. Instead, they provide reminders of only the most critical and important stepsthe ones that even the highly skilled professional using them could miss. Good checklists are, above all, practical. We couldn’t put it better ourselves (obviously, which is why we borrowed this quote). This video explains this point in much more detail: Back To Table Of Contents Content Marketing Project Management Checklist [   ] Define your objective. You need to set a goal before starting any project. It should also be clear which greater business objectives your content marketing project is working toward. [   ] Select channels, tactics, and strategies.  Nail these down before you start. [   ] Have deadlines been set? Deadlines are key for ensuring projects get shipped. They’re also useful for limiting scope creep. Determine how long each step in your project should reasonably take to complete. [   ] Are budgets set?  It’s important to know how much money you can spend on your project. This is true whether you’re working at an agency or in-house. If you need more cash, negotiate what you can get with whomever holds the purse strings in your organization. [   ] Delegate tasks to appropriate team members. Make sure you have the right team members ready to work on your project. Eliminate excess roles so those team members can be more effective elsewhere. [   ] Outline project completion steps.  Document each step required to complete your project. This essentially entails creating a unique, project-specific checklist of your own. [   ] Establish success metrics.  Planning is meaningless without successful execution. What will it take to consider your project successful? Determine what you’ll measure to gauge performance. [   ] Set dates for check-in meetings. It’s important to schedule times to discuss project progress. These meetings don’t need to be long. You simply need to maintain open communication to ensure you will reach your deadline. Check out this content marketing project management checklist!Back To Table Of Contents Keyword Research Checklist [   ] Create a keyword spreadsheet.  Spreadsheets are immensely helpful for keeping keyword data organized. [   ] Gather keyword search volumes.  There are a number of keyword research tools available to complete this step. The Google Keyword Planner is a free, must-use option. Here are some others to explore: SERPs Keyword Research Database (free) Keyword.io (free) Ubersuggest (free) Moz Keyword Explorer (limited free version / paid) Keyword Studio (paid) [   ] Analyze keyword difficulty.  It’s important to choose keywords you can reasonably expect to rank on. Here are three tools to consider using for this process: SEMRush  (limited free version / paid) Moz  (limited free version / paid) CanIRank  (free / paid) [   ] Understand keyword search intent.  Know what the intention is behind your keyword. Are they looking to make a purchase, doing research, or looking for information? [   ] Identify LSI keywords and long-tail keyword variations. [   ] Verify your keyword is relevant to your audience. High search engine rankings are meaningless if you’re publishing the wrong content. Make sure your chosen keyword fits within your niche and is relevant to your readers. [   ] Cross-reference keyword data with multiple tools. It’s always a good idea to use multiple tools for keyword research. This allows you to gather data from more than one source, providing a broader picture around your chosen keyword set. [   ] Make sure you’re not already targeting your selected keyword. It’s possible you may already rank for your chosen keyword without knowing it. This is where using an SEO platform like Moz, Raven Tools, or a dedicated rank tracking tool can be useful. [   ] Complete competitive research. Ask these questions: Are your competitors ranking on this keyword? Are there closely related keywords they’re targeting instead? Are there keywords you  can rank on that your  competition is neglecting? Check out this keyword research checklist!Back To Table Of Contents Blog Post Writing Checklist [   ] Select your topic.  Depending on your ideation process, this step may come before or after doing keyword research. [   ] Define your angle.  What unique perspective can you bring to your topic? [   ] Complete keyword research.  Keyword research is not dead. It’s an important step for ensuring readers can find your blog post. That’s why it bears repeating here. [   ] Complete competitive analysis.  Read other blog posts on your topic. Make note of what information they include. Determine how your post can add more value. This may mean incorporating new information or content types (video, infographics, etc.) missing from existing posts. [   ] Research your topic.  If you know your topic well, it’s important to do proper research. This helps prevent missing details and committing factual errors. It will also help establish you as an authority on your topic. [   ] Write your outline.  This is an important step for organizing your thoughts. Highlight the main points your post will cover. Then, determine your subheadings and sub-points. It’s much easier to finish a blog post when you know exactly what you’ll write first. This will save you time in the long run and make sure you hit your deadline. [   ] Write a strong headline.  Write 20 to 25 different options. Use our Headline Analyzer to choose the best one. [   ] Include a hook in your intro.  If your introduction isn’t immediately compelling, rewrite it. [   ] Write blog post body content. [   ] Include image direction and copy notes.  Determine where your graphics will be placed. Then, include brief summaries for each image that your designer can follow. These should include a headline, all copy, and a general idea of what it should look like. This makes life easier for your designer by removing guesswork. [   ] Place images and videos.  Make sure all images and videos are properly placed. This means ensuring they’re located in the right places and with the correct dimensions. If any are missing, add them in. [   ] Write corresponding social messages.  You’ll need social media content to promote your blog post, right? It’s often easiest to write these messages while the information is fresh in your mind. [   ] Proofread.  Catch your own errors before readers do. Look through everything yourself. Then, have another team member review your writing. Check out this blog post writing checklist!Back To Table Of Contents Proofreading And Copyediting Checklist [   ] Eliminate spelling and grammatical errors.  Your copy needs to be air-tight. Use an app like Grammarly or Hemingway to help with this process. [   ] Is this post better than any other on this topic?  This is somewhat subjective, sure. However, check to ensure your content is more comprehensive (or at least differentiated) from existing content from your competitors. [   ] Does this post introduce new information about your topic? Unique content is important both for providing actual value to readers. It’s also important for SEO. [   ] Are all sentences clear and easily readable? Writing can be grammatically correct without being easy to read. [   ] Is any key information missing?  Make sure no information needed to understand your topic is missing. Check to confirm all key details that need be mentioned. Cross-reference your post with others on the web to find potential gaps in your content. [   ] Implement correct formatting. Determine whether all formatting is consistent with your company or blog’s style standards. Also, check for the following: Do all bulleted and numbered lists appear correctly? Are images the correct size? Are paragraphs evenly spaced? [   ] Check graphics for spelling errors.  Image copy errors are easy to miss. Unfortunately, they’re also more difficult to fix than simply editing text in your blog CMS. It’s better to get this right before your posts publish. [   ] Does your post â€Å"show† and not just â€Å"tell†? Rather than simply telling your reader what your topic is about, show them. If your post doesn’t do this, it may not be as compelling as it could be. [   ] Is the copy consistent with your style standards? Whether you use AP style or your own style guide, it’s important that all text be consistent. This helps convey a clean and professional appearance. [   ] Are all your claims factually accurate?  Verify any information you’re unsure about. Publishing incorrect information can hurt your reputation. Worse, it could even get you in legal trouble. Check out this proofreading and copyediting checklist!Back To Table Of Contents Social Media Campaign Planning Checklist [   ] Does your campaign have a clear purpose?  Your campaign should have a clear aim in mind. Establish an objective (increasing followers, driving leads, raising brand awareness, etc.). [   ] Do you have social content prepared for (at least) the next two weeks?  Not all social media content should be pre-planned. However, it makes life much easier to have your core messaging scheduled in advance. This is especially true when managing multiple networks. Two weeks is generally a good amount of time to keep your calendar full. [   ] Have metrics and goals been determined?  If you’re planning a campaign, it’s important to determine which metrics you’ll use to gauge your success. [   ] Are all messages appropriate?  Brands get themselves in trouble due to offensive or inappropriate content far too often. Don’t be one of them. Before scheduling a campaign, review all messages to confirm there’s nothing offensive or culturally insensitive included. [   ] Does your campaign include content across all appropriate social networks that you’re on? [   ] Does your campaign incorporate strong images?  According to Hubspot, â€Å"colored visuals increase people's willingness to read a piece of content by 80%.† Keep this in mind when creating your social campaign content. Not every post may need images. However, it’s important to include a mix of images where possible and appropriate. [   ] Are hashtags present where necessary?  If you’re working on a campaign, consider creating a custom hashtag to tie all your posts together. If you’re tweeting about something timely or topical, do some hashtag research to see if there are any you can leverage for more exposure. [   ] Have you responded to all incoming social messages?  Make this part of your daily routine. If you’re tasked with managing social media full-time, consider upping that to an hourly check. Check out this social media campaign planning checklist!Back To Table Of Contents Email Marketing Checklist [   ] Have you written a strong subject line?  Follow our tips to write a compelling subject line that will get your recipients to click. [   ] Write copy and include all images. [   ] Do all links work in your email content?  Click each one prior to delivering your email. [   ] Has your email copy been proofread?  You can’t take back an email once it has been sent. Catch typos before you hit send. [   ] Is the value of your email clear to the reader? The recipients of your email want to know what’s in it for them. Ensure your subject line and body content convey a clear benefit to your audience. [   ] Is there a clear call to action?  If your email is intended to drive a desired action (reading an article, clicking a link, etc.), double-check that you have a strong call to action. [   ] Have you removed all default template content?  Many major email marketing platforms feature templates that include placeholder content. Nothing looks more unprofessional than seeing this unedited template text in an actual email. Make sure it’s gone. [   ] Are analytics set up correctly?  Most email platforms handle analytics well with minimal work required on your end. However, you may also want to ensure Google Analytics is properly configured to measure inbound traffic from your email newsletter. [   ] Is your list properly segmented?  If your list is segmented based on interests, demographics, or specified user requests, make sure you’re only sending emails to the right audience. [   ] Are you in compliance with CASL?  Canada’s Anti-Spam Law (CASL)  makes it illegal in that country to automatically check opt-in boxes to receive marketing emails. Avoid legal troubles by making sure your opt-in boxes default to being unchecked. [   ] Does your email direct to a quality landing or destination page?  Referring email recipients to an irrelevant or poor quality page can kill conversion rates from email marketing. Double-check that all links not only work, but send visitors to attractive-looking pages that are directly related to the content in your email. [   ] Is your email mobile-optimized?  Most major email platforms allow you to create mobile-friendly email newsletters. However, it’s a good idea to confirm that your emails look as good on phones and tablets as they do on desktop computers. [   ] Is your email scheduled for delivery at an optimal time? Check out this email marketing checklist!Back To Table Of Contents SEO Checklist [   ] Is your primary keyword in your URL, headline, H1 tag, title tag, meta description, and body content?  Don’t go overboard with keyword optimization. Simply include it within each of these areas. [   ] Are internal links to other posts and pages on your site included?  These help readers find more valuable information, in addition to helping search engines understand the relationships between your site or blog’s posts and pages. [   ] Have you written a strong title tag? A quality title tag: Is 70 characters or less. Is well-written and compelling to readers. Includes your primary keyword to let search engines know what your content is about. [   ] Have you specified a strong meta description?  If you don’t specify a meta description, search engines will generate a snippet of text pulled from your on-page content. However, writing your own gives you more control over how your pages appear in search results. Take the time to write one that summarizes your content and gives readers a compelling reason to click. [   ] Are there any broken links in your content?  Broken links create a poor user experience. They’re not great for SEO, either. Double-check your links before publishing your content. [   ] Is your content high quality?  Again, quality is subjective. There are some objective factors to consider though. These include: Is your text long enough? 300 words is considered the minimum for blog posts (although there are certainly exceptions). Aim to include as much content as is necessary to provide users with all the information they need on your topic. Does it include quality graphics, videos, and other visual elements? Does it explain its points as well, or better than, all other content  on this topic? [   ] Does your page load quickly?  Use Google’s PageSpeed Insights tool to confirm. [   ] Do all images include optimized alt-tags and file names?  If your image file names look something like 887ad0u9.jpg, take the time to rename them. Use descriptive keywords for file names, and up to 15 words worth of differentiated descriptive text for your alt-tags. Check out this search engine optimization checklist!Back To Table Of Contents Image Design Checklist [   ] Has all copy for your image been written?  If an image will include text, it’s best to have that copy written before beginning design. [   ] Proofread image copy. Never let an image get published with a typo. Review your image copy first. [   ] Has image direction been outlined?  If you’re creating a blog post or social media campaign, specify the direction for each graphic prior to beginning design. This helps keep the writer and the designer both on the same page. [   ] Design graphics. [   ] Have all brand  standards been met? Check that your image meets all visual branding guidelines for your brand or company. [   ] If creating multiple images for a campaign or blog post, do they all align visually?  Unless you have an intentional reason not to, keep your visual style consistent. [   ] Check image file size. If file sizes are too large, they may cause your web pages to load slowly. [   ] Is all text clearly readable?  Designs should avoid obscuring the ability to read on-image text. [   ] Is your resolution correct?  Here are some basic guidelines to abide by: 72 dpi for the web. 300 dpi for print. [   ] Are your dimensions correct?  All images should be the correct size for where they will be placed. For web images, never use your CMS to resize images- simply upload them at the correct size. Check out this content marketing image design checklist!Back To Table Of Contents Landing Page Checklist [   ] Write a clear outline. Do this before writing any actual landing page copy. This will help ensure your copy follows a logical sense of flow from start to finish. [   ] Write a strong headline.  Write 20 to 25 options and pick the best one (the same as you would with a blog post). [   ] Write landing page copy. [   ] Include a strong call-to-action. [   ] Create graphics. [   ] Design landing page. Tools like Unbounce and LeadPages make this easy. [   ] Check that branding and style align with your style standards.  This includes checking that color, font, and word choices are consistent with your brand’s style guides. [   ] Proofread. We can’t hammer this point home hard enough. [   ] Is your key selling point clear?  Your headline and/or above-the-fold design elements should clearly convey the purpose of your landing page. If another person can’t determine the point of your landing page quickly, consider making adjustments accordingly. [   ] Focus on benefits (not features). People don’t buy features. They buy the idea that a product or service can fix a problem or fill a need. Review your copy to confirm it conveys benefits more than it describes features. [   ] Do you have a promotion plan in place (PPC, social media posts, email, etc.)? If you’re building a landing page, you probably have a plan to promote it. It’s good to cross your Ts and dot your Is all the same. Double-check that you aren’t missing any opportunities or promotional channels. [   ] Align promotional messaging with your landing page copy.  Review all content promoting your landing page to ensure all messaging is consistent. [   ] Check that forms are easy to complete. If your landing page includes a lead generation form, test to ensure it’s easy to fill out. Difficult or confusing forms can cause conversion rates to plummet. [   ] Establish success metrics. Here are a few to consider: Conversion rate. Number of conversions. Page visits. [   ] Set up an A/B test.  If you’re using a service like LeadPages or Unbounce, setting up an A/B test for your landing pages is easy. Consider testing: Headlines Page layouts Landing page copy Check out this landing page building checklist!Back To Table Of Contents Video Marketing Checklist [   ] Gather equipment.  Make sure you have everything you need before shooting. This includes cameras, mics, props, and anything else you may need. [   ] Define the purpose of your video.  Companies often shoot off-the-cuff videos hoping they’ll â€Å"go viral.† Do better and clearly define your video’s purpose. It could: Demonstrate how to complete a task. Promote a new product. Be entertaining. Whatever you do, be intentional about it. [   ]   Write your script. Then, read it out loud to confirm it sounds clear and will fit within any length requirements. [   ] Identify on-screen personalities.  Line up actors and speakers before shooting. These can be co-workers, guests, or professional actors. [   ] Choose a filming location.  Know where you’ll shoot your video. Confirm you have access to your location. [   ] Check your lighting before shooting. [   ] Shoot video. [   ] Write a strong video title. It should be descriptive, and ideally, include any keywords you may want to rank for on YouTube and in search engines. [   ] Write a strong video description.  You’ll use this on YouTube (or anywhere else you upload your video). [   ] Upload video.  Some options include: YouTube Wistia Facebook Vimeo [   ] Add YouTube annotation links.  These are invaluable for turning YouTube into a traffic driver for your site or blog. [   ] If posting on YouTube, consider adding your video to a relevant playlist. This can help your video get found by users looking for similar content. Check out this video marketing checklist!Back To Table Of Contents Podcasting Checklist [   ] Make sure your mics work. This may seem obvious. However, it’s better to be sure they work before you start recording (especially if you have a guest). [   ] Line up guests and participants. Determine who will be on your podcast (whether that includes yourself, co-workers, or guests). [   ] Establish a topic or theme for your podcast episode.  Keep your podcast from going off-track by defining what it’s about. [   ] Create a loose outline.  You don’t need to script every word. Just create some loose bullet points for what you’ll discuss. If your podcast is in interview format, prepare questions first. [   ] Create intro music.  If you’re not musically inclined, buy stock music. Starting each episode with a familiar tune can help make your podcast more memorable to listeners. [   ] Record! [   ] Edit audio. [   ] Submit your podcast to iTunes and other app stores and directories. This can help listeners more easily find your podcast. [   ] Create a promotion strategy. This simply means creating promotional content to inform your audience about your podcast. It could include: A blog post. Social media posts. A mention in your email newsletter. [   ] Establish a regular posting schedule.  If you’ll be creating a podcast as a series, pick a consistent posting schedule. Using an editorial calendar can help keep you consistent.

Case Assign MGNT Strategy Implementation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Case Assign MGNT Strategy Implementation - Essay Example The main focus of the company was on eliminating the wastage of time and raw materials at every step of the production process. Due to this reason the company introduced fast and flexible process of manufacturing so that they could supply the customers with the best product on the right time and at an affordable price (Becker, 2012). Toyota improved their production quality by: Implementing a culture of learning within the organization for continuous improvement. Increasing the quality of the working systems. Introducing affordable alternatives for new expensive technology in the market. Creating a perfect business process within the company (ICMR, 2010). Toyota faced different business problems from other automobile companies. The company targeted a small market segment but it had to produce a variety of cars on the same assembly line. The only solution of this problem was to introduce flexible operation. This is when Toyota production system was introduced in the company. They inco rporated the idea of Just-In-time system, inspired by the ideas from American supermarkets. The company also became inspired by the idea of W. Edward Deming, which encouraged Toyota to adopt a systematic approach for solving the problems and this would lead to continuous improvement. This process was called Kaizen (Weemooseus- edublogs, 2010). The main motive of Toyota Production system was to minimize the time spend on activities which are not important or necessary. The major activities in the organization which were non-value adding waste were: Defects Disguise employment Inventory in excess Overproduction Strategic Implementation Factors Strategies are usually formulated by the top level management of the company, but the people responsible for implementing the strategy are different. Implementation is the process that links the top level management with the other employees of the organization. Strategy formulation and implementation of the strategy are two sides of the same coi n. Implementation is a process with the help of which the strategies and the policies of the company are put in action by developing programs, budgets and procedures (Kachru, 2005, p. 391). To see that the strategies have been properly implemented it is important to use the capabilities of a few to check those implementations. The factors such as the structure, culture, people of the organization, commutation, control and the outcome is very important for an organization to successfully implement the strategies. To see that the strategies formulated have been carefully implemented, the organizational structure and culture should be reviewed. In the mid of 2000 Toyota faced number of safety issues in their cars. The most notable problems Toyota faced in its design, development, suppliers, production and maintenance was due to the resignation of a number of talented professionals from Toyota. The 2007 consumer reports did not give any ratings to the cars manufactured by Toyota. The co mpanies had shortage of experts, and maintaining high quality became a million dollar question for Toyota. They had time pressure and lack of resources. The sales went down and the strengths, hybrids and electric cars were not helping the company revive (The Guardian, 2010). Structure The structure affects the organization indirectly. It also affects the implementation of strategies through the flow and control of information. The organization should always align the design and the capabilities

A literature review on Environmental Reporting Coursework

A literature review on Environmental Reporting - Coursework Example Basically, there are three types of environmental reporting that include involuntary disclosures, mandatory disclosure and voluntary disclosure (Porritt, 2005). Involuntary disclosure is whereby a company’s information about its environmental activities is disclosed without its consent and against its will. A good example of these kinds of disclosures is press and media exposes. Mandatory disclosure is whereby companies are required by law to disclose information concerning their environmental activities. Finally, voluntary disclosure is whereby a company voluntarily avails information concerning its environmental activities to the general public (Gray, 2000). There are two forms of voluntary disclosures including confidential and non-confidential disclosures. The former are the disclosures which are required by consumers, banks and insurers that are not available to the general public while the latter comprise of all environmental information a business organization voluntari ly avails to the general public. History of environmental reporting Even though voluntary disclosure of environment information by businesses has possibly existed as long as there have been companies, it is only in the last two decades we have seen significance in this direction. As more and more businesses become producers of informative environmental reports, so have the development embodied in the reporting continued to uphold an understanding of the relationships between the company, society and the environment (Gray, 2000). For almost 20 years of such voluntary initiatives have demonstrated clearly the possibilities of voluntary disclosure and appropriately attracted substantial admiration for those within the corporations who have initiated this progress (Patten, 2002). Organizational innovation has grown around the development of reporting and the effect of, for instance the Global Reporting Initiative’s Sustainability Reporting Guidelines among other approaches which ensured a helpful and inventive environment within which both emerging and existing environmental reporters can grow and develop (Porritt, 2005). Porritt (2005) observes that the substantial growth in this direction is not the whole story. This is because studies have not provided credible explanations of why companies would perform voluntarily such dangerous duty as environmental reporting (Porritt, 2005). More challenging than this, perhaps, is the rising recognition that if individuals know little about why companies report, they practically know comparatively little about why companies do report whereas majority do not. Probably that is why only few companies report either entirely or reliably. Stand-Alone Environmental Reporting Traditionally, much of formal environmental reporting and research is based on organization’s yearly report. Although disclosing some aspects of the organization’s environmental activities might appear in marketing, correspondences to work ers and so on the diversity and evenness of this reporting has only rarely attracted interest in the literature (Thompson and Bebbington, 2003). Even though the birth of stand-alone reporting is of importance in itself, the studies have not treated this shift as one that is basically different in form of yearly report disclosures. Stand-alone reporting can be regarded as an extension of the social and environmental

Nixon’s presidency Essay Example for Free

Nixon’s presidency Essay There are three major issues emphasized during the 1969-1974 term of President Richard Nixon: Vietnam, domestic policies, and the infamous Watergate affair. Nixon inherited the Vietnam War from Lyndon Johnson. The war had caused years of turmoil among Americans who believed that America should not even participate in the war in the first place. In an aim to bring peace, he initiated the Vietnamization of the war, centering of the withdrawal of the US troops. For a while, the plan seemed to be working, but the damage had already been done. Back home, America found herself with a dissenting generation. The war had already drained the country’s economy, inflation was high, crimes and civil rights movement were rapidly swelling. Nixon tried to solve this by injecting domestic policies that involved increasing interest rates to curb borrowing and introducing what the president called â€Å"affirmative action programs,† initiatives that hired minorities and women. Some African Americans who were able to finish college benefited from this but majority were still poor and stayed in slums. Furthermore, people blamed the Supreme Court for the rising incidents of crime so Nixon filled the court with conservative justices. However, while this alleviated the bevy of civil rights movement, it did not entirely solve the crimes. What it did was that it ushered an â€Å"us vs. them† sentiment, a battle between Nixon and those who opposed him, people who Nixon thought were countering the American values. During Nixon’s term, the activism was popular-environmental, consumer, and feminist movements were formed. People had become liberalized, more aware of their rights and surroundings. It seemed that Nixon’s gameplan was not working. Nixon’s economic strategy also failed to work. It was not until 1971 when the president started a 90-day freeze on wages, prices and rents that his efforts finally started to pay off; inflation and unemployment had lessened. This improvement, along with having positive foreign relations helped him earned a reelection. But it only ushered the road to Nixon’s downfall. The illegal activities of the Committee to Reelect the President erupted into what became known as the Watergate Scandal which led to the president’s resignation. From a popular man, Nixon placed himself in a world of lies, crimes and deception. His presidency was in shambles. The lesson of the scandal became clear: that there would always be the dangers of uninhibited executive power and opportunities for political abuse. It was and still is something American will forever be cautious of. Maybe just for that, however painful and shameful it sounds, Americans are grateful for Nixon.

Lucent :: essays research papers

LUCENT A Mathematician Rajiv Laroia joined Lucent’s bell labs in 1992. He wanted to make wireless data accessible to everyday people thus allowing them to send e-mail, listen to the radio all at the same time without denting the budget. Rajiv Laroia brought his five-person team and went out to start Flarion company. Lucent hopes this start up company by Rajiv Laroia will foster growth for them. Some people might ask how would Lucent benefit from this small start up company. Rajiv Laroia hopes that Flarion could look for new technology in hopes that Lucent might one-day buy them back after they start becoming profitable. In this way, the company hopes to strengthen an Achilles’ heel of any big firm: the effort to capitalize on â€Å"disruptive† â€Å"white space† advances that buck the status quo. (1) How’s does a company like Lucent stay ahead of competition with so many growing areas of technology? As mentioned before by fostering other company’s that are into new technology then buying them back, and in the last year Lucent has launched 24 other efforts designed to complement or compete with established business. In this way Lucent can always stay on top of the technology edge. Lucent has made around 150 million dollars from outsourcing. Around 1994 when some of the Technology Company were losing money they started to slash research and development costs. To help cut costs Lucent started exchanging ideas with the goal of getting to the market more quickly. This idea to go beyond existing product lines where Lucent was weak will enhance new growth and foster fresh ideas.

Case in motivation and teamwork of Starbuck Essay

Case in motivation and teamwork of Starbuck Introduction Question 1 Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Formal teams are teams whose structures are clearly defined mainly of the basis of specialization. In these types of teams, the members are not equal and every one of them has a rank (Moorhead & Griffin, 73). For example, there are managers, supervisors and other junior employees. It is worthy noting that every member of a formal team performs their specific duties. For example, managers stay in their offices and issues directives to their juniors. On the other hand, informal teams have no structure and all team members are seen as equal regardless of their specialty. In these types of teams, any member can perform any task. Question 2 A team in Starbucks consists of three to six people and this helps the employees to know each other well. Any opinion expressed by employees is given an equal significance regardless of their position. The top management at Starbucks work together with their juniors which makes them more familiar and closer compared to other bureaucratic companies. The management at Starbucks treats all employees as equals and this is aimed at reducing the gap between the employees and the management. The top management at the company believes that employees are its main spirit. Consequently, the management adopts an interactive organizational structure that makes the employees love their jobs and perform them with passion. Question 3 a) The size of a team is an important factor because it determines how well the team members know each other. This is important because it brings about cohesion in the work place. b) The first benefit of Starbucks having small teams of staff in every branch is that the team members get to know each other better. Secondly, it improves communication within the group. Question 4 Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   From the Starbucks case study, it is clear that there are three major issues that the company needs to address in its planning process namely listening to the opinion of its employees, equal treatment and ensuring good welfare for the employees. Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Equal treatment- this is one of the major issues that the company needs to address in its planning process. Equal treatment requires all employees to be treated equally regardless of their position. According to the case study, it is clear that the management at the company treats all employees as equals and refers to them as partners. This is important because it narrows the gap between the employees and the management. Treating every employees fairly and equally in the workplace results in a friendly working environment. Consequently, if the issue of equal treatment is addressed in the planning process, it will help in creating closer working atmosphere and good management (Rynes & Rosen 64). Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   Listening to the employees- listening to the employees is other issue that requires to be addressed in the planning process. From the Starbucks case, it is clear that the company wants every employee to take part in developing plans and work as a team to achieve the set goals. Consequently, the company’s principles and policies are communicated to all employees, and there is no restriction in the employee’s individual opinions. By listening to the employees, makes them feel important which in turn motivates them hence increasing their productivity (Rynes & Rosen, 83). References Moorhead, G., & Griffin, R. W. Managing organizational behavior. (10th ed.). Cengage Learning., 2012. Print Rynes, S., & Rosen, B. A field survey of factors affecting the adoption and perceived success of diversity training. Personnel Psychology, 1995. Print Source document

Anu Ano Ang Dapat Tandaan Sa Pag Aalaga Ng Hayop

I have watched so many films before that deals with children that makes me cry because of its sad endings. But this movie really touched and even tore my heart specially now that I’m already a mother. At first, when I see the child on the screen with that attitude I thought that it was just a part of being a kid who does silly things and sometimes gets so stubborn. Until I found out that there is something wrong with the kid that most of the parents don’t understand and what their child is going through?It is true that it was really hard for us parents to admit that our child is different from the others and most of the time we compare them with our other kid and we sometimes say â€Å" Why are you like that? Why can’t you do what your sister/brother’s did? †. Most of us parents don’t realized that â€Å"Every child is a Special† and they are unique as a fingerprints. We’re not suppose to compare them with the other, not to esti mate them on what they can do or even pushed them on the things that they don’t want.Let us be their companion, their security and comfort. Study our kids and help them grow with LOVE, CARE and full support. If our child seems to be different, let us redirect them and help them to live like the others. As a teacher, we also need to be sensitive on the needs of our students. Kids always looked up and believed on us in the way we act, say and do. We as a second parents for these children can be a friend too! Let us help them to share and show their talents.Parents and teachers may work together for the better future of each child. I thank you so much Ma’am Ruby for sharing us that wonderful movie. You’re not just a Prof. that gives us knowledge for the given subject but you’re contributing to us much that will help us not to be perfect parent or teacher but how value our life to the fullest to be a good person with LOVE! Truly, God is good and He really mad e us with a purpose.

Howard Roark, in Ayn Rands The Fountainhead Essays

Howard Roark, in Ayn Rands The Fountainhead Essays Howard Roark, in Ayn Rands The Fountainhead Paper Howard Roark, in Ayn Rands The Fountainhead Paper Essay Topic: Atlas Shrugged The Fountainhead That is probably the most selfish statement that you have ever heard in your life. Selfishness in our society is view as a bad thing. What if someone could perfectly articulate that selfishness, in its purest form, could be the best way to live your life? Ayn Rands rational selfishness is best shown by her two heroes, Howard Roark and John Galt, in the novels The Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged respectively. Her philosophy has been read by, and influenced millions of people, including some of the worlds leaders of business. This selfish though, is not the selfish that you are accustomed to. Ayn Rand redefines the word selfishness through these two characters, and puts them above the lying, cheating and plundering of the recent plague of corporate scandal. More importantly, her philosophy is about man as a hero, and the triumph of the human spirit in its purest, selfish state. Ayn Rand uses Howard Roark, the protagonist in The Fountainhead, to show that the rights of the individual completely outweigh the needs of society as a whole. First, to establish a basis for her philosophy, Rand must make Roark fit the mold of a hero. What is a hero by todays standards? Someone who strives to be above the normal? Someone who has a certain aura about them that they have something more than most? Is this a hero? His face was closed like the door of a safety vault; things locked in safety vaults are valuable; men do not care to feel that. He was a cold, disquieting presence in the room; his presence had a strange quality: it made itself felt and yet made them feel that he was not there; or perhaps that he was and they werent (Rand, The Fountainhead 62). Roark has an uncanny ability to make those around him feel as though he is the only one in the room. This is a very powerful image when you look at the characterization of Roark. He goes through life with this power, this presence, that makes all others around him insignificant. This power is his ego. Rand makes him above all others, much like a super hero. Essentially though Rand believes that all men can be heroes and the accomplishment, creations, of man should be praised. President Herbert Hoover, before the popularity of Rand, shared the same pride in the accomplishments of men. Once in a speech regarding one of our national treasures, the dam that bares his name, Hoover expresses his pride in the heroic ability of man. It does give me extraordinary pleasure to see the great dream I have so long held taking form in actual reality of stone and cement. This dam is the greatest engineering work of its character ever attempted by the hand of man. The waters of this great river, instead of being wasted in the sea, will now be brought into use by man. The whole of this will translate itself . into millions of happy homes. out under the blue sky of the West (Stockdon 818). Roarks life and the vessel of philosophy that he is are best shown in two events in his life. The first is his expulsion from The Stanton Institute of Technology. Roark in his history at the school was a genius, in the subjects of math and engineering. In addition to that he was a genius in design, but this is where the universitys problem arose. Roarks convictions, when it comes to architecture, are unbreakable. The basis for his expulsion is his refusal to reproduce styles that are considered timeless. I do not understand why you want me to believe that this is great architecture. That, said the Dean. is the Parthenon. So it is. I havent the time to waste on silly questions. All right then. Roark got up, took a very long ruler from the desk and walked to the picture. Shall I tell you what is rotten about it? Its the Parthenon! said the Dean Yes, God damn it the Parthenon! Then Roark goes on, at length to explain that the reason that the Greeks designed things such as the Parthenon was because, previously to that period of architecture, columns and triglyphs were used to hide joints in wood. The Greeks then took there wooden principles and applied them to marble. Roark simply asks the question why should something that served one purpose as wood, serve the same purpose as marble. Roark is beautifully stubborn, but his stubbornness is justified because he is right, and he knows that he is. Roark is proud of man and the accomplishes that he has had. That is why he does not think that one should look at the accomplishments of the past only, and not strive to create. The Dean then asks him about his clients. If Roark continues to only design the way that he does, he is surely to not have clients. To Roark though that is a trivial thing. I could say that I must try to sell him (the client) the best I have and also teach him to know the best. I could say it, but I wont. Because I dont intend to build in order to serve or help anyone. I dont intend to build in order to have clients. I intend to have clients in order to build (Rand, The Fountainhead 26). Roarks selfishness is clearly shown by his lack of flexibility when it comes to his ideals. This is another trait that he has that makes him into a hero. I mean Superman is not ever a little bad. Rather, he never sways from being a good guy, never. Roark in the same manner does not sway from what he thinks is right. His righteousness, though, gets him into quite an ordeal. The most concrete testimony of Rands philosophy comes out in the Cortland Trial. Roark designed a government housing project on the sole terms that his original plans be left unchanged. When his plans are altered, he destroys his work by means of dynamite. Why is it so important that his plans be left unchanged? Simply put, Roark lives to see his buildings erected. Just as his buildings come to life, he also breathes life when the plans become reality. In his defense and summation he gives a speech that is unparalleled, except by another of Rands heroes. His speech is a retelling of the history of man, and the history of persecution of men that are like him. Roark refers to himself as a creator. His enemy is the second hander. The creators, create the things that the second handers give away. Charity and self sacrifice are the ideals of the second handers. Roark says: Men have been taught that it is the highest virtue to give. Yet one cannot give what has not been created. Creation comes before distribution. The need for the creator comes before any possible beneficiary (Rand, The Fountainhead 680). The second handers would not have anything if not for the creators. And yet the altruists want to take everything that he holds as sacred. The altruists want his buildings, which in turn he gives life to, loves, and extends himself into. Roark holds himself and his work as sacred and the second handers want to give it away before Roark even can create it. They want his individuality and that is what Roark cannot give and his summation explains this, and he is acquitted. Ayn Rand uses Howard Roark to establish her views on the needs of the individual, in contrast to the needs of society, as a whole. Although Howard Roark is essentially the voice of Rand, her philosophy is not fully developed through him. On the other hand, with John Galt, Rand culminates her philosophy by creating the most selfish character in the history of literature. Rand shifts gears from individual vs. society in The Fountainhead, to capitalism, business and government in her epic, one thousand seventy eight page novel, Atlas Shrugged. This novel describes a world where business men, musician, mathematicians and philosophers are persecuted for living their life to please themselves. John Galt is one of the victims of this society. He invented an engine that draws power from static electricity from the air. This invention would be the safest and most abundant source of energy the world has ever known, but the society wanted to take it from him so that he could not enjoy the fruits of his labor. So he simply destroyed the machine, his research and all blueprints so that they could not use it. Galt then gathers all of the men around the world that are persecuted like him and colonizes them to a secret location in Colorado. Just before Galt completely removes the men from the world he takes one last opportunity to address the world. In a very Ayn Randian way he gives a 42 page speech which is the heart of the philosophy of Ayn Rand. Rand believes in a system of pure, laissez faire capitalism. In this society the government has no role in the world of business. In the society that Rand creates in Shrugged the government rapes the business man of everything. The capitalist, selfish, business owners are plundered by the socialist system as Galt describes here: You did not care to allow rewards to be won by successful production; you are now running a race in which rewards are won by successful plunder. You called it selfish and cruel that men should trade value for value; you have now established an unselfish society where they trade extortion for extortion (Ayn Rand, Atlas Shrugged 976). I think that what Galt is saying here holds some truth. There are times when I think that the government does not allow business to do as much as they would like. Recently, Bill Gates, an avid reader of Atlas Shrugged, and his corporation Microsoft, came under fire from the American government on grounds of monopolizing software. In the end he ended up compromising and the government essentially won. On the other hand if I were Bill Gates, the second that the government brought charges against me I would have threatened to move my headquarters, currently in Seattle, Washington, 100 miles north into Canada. The government would have backed off pretty quick. As much as they do not want a monopoly they crave Bill Gates income tax and the taxes collected from the selling of Microsoft stocks on the market. The government wants everyone to have a fair shot but they also want the money generated by this countrys largest corporations. That is essentially what John Galt did. He took away what the government was trying to plunder, the selfish men of the world. You may be asking yourself; What does Ayn Rand believe, if any, is the role of the government? In Atlas Shrugged the government has control of everything and their power is unlimited. In our society, the government plays a pretty large role. John Galt, speaking for Ayn Rand on page 972, says that: The only proper functions of the government are: the police, to protect you from criminals; the army, to protect you from foreign invaders; an the courts, to protect your property and contracts from breach or fraud by others. John Galt and Rand would agree that the governments role is merely for an individuals protection from other individuals. They would agree in the minimalization of government as much as possible. This type of political philosophy shows up today in various ways. For example, a hot topic now is privatization of social security. Personally, I believe that social security should be eliminated entirely, but at least I should be able to take my money out of the hands of the government. The government has bankrupted the social security trust fund by seven trillion dollars. I will never see a dime of social security, yet I am still paying. Rand, Galt, and Roark would agree with me that this concept takes away from the virtue of selfishness that they live by. Galt is the vessel by which Rand professes her philosophy on business, and his extreme selfishness and desire to reap the rewards of his hard work are the ideals at the heart of Rands philosophy. It is when this selfishness is taken out of context that some controversy can arise. Ayn Rands philosophy of rational selfishness has touched the lives of millions of people. In a recent poll of American Book Club members, Atlas Shrugged has been named the second most influential book of all time. Second on to The Bible, Atlas Shrugged has influenced some of the most powerful men and women in the world. Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple computers has read the book. As I mentioned before, Bill Gates, the worlds richest man, has read the book. In addition, the most powerful man in the world, Chairman of the Federal Reserve, Alan Greenspan, not only read the book, but he was a member of Rands inner circle. Journalist Michael Lewis wrote that Greenspan has preserved a hard core of fanaticism, encasting it in a shell of pragmatism, waiting for everyone to realize that extreme laissez faire capitalism is the best system (The American Enterprise). In the United States today their is a corporate witch hunt underway and the target is big business. The executives of Enron and Worldcom have lied to, cheated and deceived their shareholders. The media targets selfishness as the motive for these men and their inexcusable behavior. Because Ayn Rand is an advocate of selfishness, big business, and because these executives have all read Atlas Shrugged, Rand has been found guilty by association and coincidence, of justifying the actions of these execs. The media associates Atlas Shrugged with greed, deception and fraud, which all these executives are guilty of. In contrast though, it is the media who is guilty of selective reading and misquoting the second most influential book of all time. A recent USA Today articles headline reads: Scandals lead execs to Atlas Shrugged; 1957 Ayn Rand novel sanctions self interest. Just by that association Rands novel has been connected to the actions of the executives. The media makes multiple mistakes which make their claim untrue. The first is that Ayn Rand redefined the word selfish in her two epic novels. The media does not apply Rands definition of selfishness to the acts of these executives. Of course when you call these men selfish by the definition most widely used they would fit the description. On the other hand, they neglect to compare these men to the meaning of selfishness described by Ayn Rand. The second mistake that the media has made is that they have selectively read some of the book and have left crucial pieces out to fit their own needs. John Galt in his speech says; that neither love, nor fame, nor cash is a value if obtained by fraud (Rand, Atlas Shrugged, 932). John Galt, or Ayn Rand essentially, feels that fraud makes your selfishness void. A truly selfish man earns his wealth through his own hard work alone. These men lied on their annual earnings and fooled their stockholders, while at the time they were frantically cashing in their stock, essentially getting rich. Not only would Ayn Rand condemn these men she would probably spearhead the investigations. This is another example of taking things out of context. When the media leaves crucial things out they are, ideally, doing a great injustice and turning many people off to a great author. When I was a child I used to pretend that I was one of many super heroes. I used to take off all of my clothing, except underwear, tie a towel around my neck, and pretend that I was Superman. It is this mentality that Ayn Rand attempts to draw out with her philosophy. Not the mentality of a child, but the common desire that we have to be a hero. Her Supermen, Howard Roark and John Galt, lead the reader to agree that they can do something great with their lives. Rands work has such appeal and will continue to have it, because it appeals to the individual, not the collective. These are the principles, by which, this country was founded and it is the reason why our system is working. Capitalism allows the potential for us all to be heroes. They dont call it living the American dream for nothing. The words of Howard Roark say it all: Now observe the results of a country built on the principle of individualism. This, our country. The noblest country in the history of man. The country of greatest achievement, greatest prosperity, greatest freedom. This country was not based on selfless service, sacrifice, renunciation or any precept of altruism. It was based on a mans right to the pursuit of happiness. His own happiness. Not anyone elses. A private, personal, selfish motive. Look at the results. Look into your own conscience.

Causes of Religion in the US and Liberalism in Mexico

Causes of Religion in the US and Liberalism in Mexico Religion and Society Final Exam Account for the continuing vigour of religion in the United States. The United States remains the most dominant centre of science and rationalism on the planet today- normally these social factors create a division between religion and people, although, in America, people continue to be highly religious. Religion in America is available to its people as effortlessly as consumer goods are; a market economy. Every possible religious idea is freely available to be practiced within this market economy and their popularity is due to the vast availability of these religions and religious ideology; simply put, Religion in America is based on variety. There is a very large social significance to religious practice in America. There is a connotation in America that one must believe in a higher power, i.e. God. People are looked upon as different and out of the ordinary of American society if some allegiance and devotion is not expressed towards God. Even thoug h devotion to ‘mainstream’ Churches is declining, religion and religious practices remains of high priority to American people. America is in an era that is showing devotion to mega Churches. Mega Churches hold religious services traditionally (within a house of worship), and non-traditionally (through radio and television broadcasts) to very large amounts of people. These non-tradition religious communities are poised to spread the word of their specific beliefs and faith through modern means; this is a very simplistic approach to gaining and maintaining interest in their message of God and God’s will. The modern approach to religious devotion and the social significance that Americans place on religious belief all account for the vigour of religion in America. Although all forms of religion make up the religious right of America, there are still certain religious groups who have a higher percentage of followers compared to others. Religious groups want to ensur e these ‘popular’ religions remain powerful especially when faced with social and political issues within American government and state. Moral Majority is a coalition of religious believers with influence over important people within America with important ties to government, the corporate world, etc. The organization is thought to have influence over American politics in order to preserve religious ideology and influence on American law and way of life. The total integration of religion within all aspects of America is a direct reflection of the importance placed on religious belief and practice by many within the country. Discuss the impact of ‘liberalism’ on the Catholic Church in Mexico. Napoleon’s conquest of the Iberian Peninsula was the first instance where we observe the Catholic Churches attitude toward liberalism. The Catholic Church initially showed supported toward the revolution because in Spain they were seeing radical groups take away the control they had over the regions churches and schools. After the Catholic Churches war in Spain they were faced with severe unrest within their own Church, but also with severe economic turmoil. These hard times opened the doors for political organizations to take shape. A well known group that came about was called the Masonic Lodges. These Masons were historically very Anti-Catholic and worked to eliminate the influence of Church from state; they had planned to disrupt the Catholic Church and its day to day proceedings in anyway necessary. There were many groups like the Masons and eventually they would collude and join forces, thus creating the Liberal Party, thus creating the liberal movement and the revolution had begun.

Goods and Services Tax (GST) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Goods and Services Tax (GST) - Essay Example The present research has identified that goods and services tax (GST) is said to be indirect and broad-based because it is charged depending on the supply or activities of good and services instead of being charged directly on income. Also, these charges are applied generally to all taxpayers with a few limitations. Taxation under GST is applied to the goods and services that are used by consumers, meaning that, this system is a consumption taxation system. A step process is used in the collection of taxes under GST, to make sure that tax is levied at every stage of the production chain, and also to allow suppliers of goods and services who are registered to claim the credit on tax paid to their inputs. Although the tax is charged at every stage, the tax is paid finally by the consumer at the end spot. For a firm to be able to take credit on GST, they must be registered. Thus, if they do not apply to be registered under GST, they are treated as the end consumers and can only enjoy th e GST credit they incur. GST is classified into three types of supplies namely; taxable supplies, input tax supplies, and GST free supplies. GST liability is created out of supply, but it is not created by the GST registered entity. The rules of GST do not apply if the supplies of either goods or services came to force before 1st July 2000, and in accordance to set special rules, gifts, when supply is made by entities not registered, or which are not required to register and when the transactions involved are not connected to Australia. In order to register Tiles Pty Ltd under GST system, the management needs to ensure that the firm satisfies the following requirements as stipulated under chapter 2, part 2-5 division 23 of the act. The main importance of registration is due to the following: - GST is only payable on any supplies for registered entities only Credits for input tax cannot be claimed unless the entity is registered GST returns are only lodged for registered entities Und er the goods and services act, an entity structure may include an individual, a sole corporate, a corporation body, a political body, a partnership, a trust and an unincorporated association or body of persons. Tiles Galore Pty Ltd is a small sized corporation, meaning that, it falls under an entity structure required to be registered. Thus, the firm can apply to be registered by ATO for GST. Registration requirements are in sec 23-5; it states that an entity is registered It is an enterprise Annual turnover meets the threshold for registration turnover The term entity is broad in definition and includes various legal persons as described here below; The trustee is that entity that should register for GST and ABN The partnerships are those entities that should register for GST but not for individual partners It thus entails that under section 23-10, an entity cannot be registered if it does not carry or intend to carry on with an enterprise. It is optional for that entity to registe r if it carries on an enterprise but does not meet the threshold for registration. Supplies fall under various sections namely; taxable supplies, GST free supplies, and input taxed supplies. Other kinds are importations and those that fall outside the scope of the GST. Taxable supplies are determinant factors in ruling whether a certain transaction is worth falling under GST.

Professional Experience As A Key Determinant In Seeking A Career Essay

Professional Experience As A Key Determinant In Seeking A Career - Essay Example As many students are encouraged to pursue a given field based upon their own values, belief systems, and worldview, so similarly are educators and practitioners encouraged to give back to their community with respect to the desire to impart the values, beliefs, and worldview. What such a unique model creates within the Walden University setting is a situation in which passionate practitioners seek to impart their expertise to eager learners who also have a desire to practice such a trade within the workforce (Walden University 2012). Naturally, beyond a mere understanding of the practical application, the scholar-practitioners are able to engage the students with the unique idealism that they so eagerly seek with reference to the potential career they will be pursuing. Similarly, one of the main goals that a student will realize is that they have a profound desire to positively affect the lives and health of those under their charge. Although they may not be specialists in the medical sense of the term, they are nonetheless an integral link in the chain of healthcare providers that help to relay a high quality of care to those under their purview (ACHA 2011). Similarly, the roles and responsibilities of a manager with regards to the healthcare organization of today are increasingly varied and complex. As such, it requires a great deal of expertise to be able to handle the plethora of different demands and constraints that such a complex and storied profession requires (Health Management Careers 2012). As such, some of the key skills which one requires in order to succeed in such a field involve superior time management, understandings of the key complications that seek to differentiate aspects of the healthcare industry, a clear understanding and application of ethics and morality, compassion for and identification with a host of individuals from different ethnicities and backgrounds, as well as a profound regard for seeking the greater good and ameliorating suffering wherever it may be found.

M1A3_Team develop and Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

M1A3_Team develop and Leadership - Essay Example The size of the team was determined based on the roles of all the team members. As such, the ten positions were necessary in an effort to increase the efficiency of the team (Daft & Lane 2008). The team was constituted in 2009 after the founders realized that it would play a crucial societal role. In addition, the â€Å"Tuckman’s Stages of Group Development† was instrumental in the formation of the team (Daft & Lane 2008). The team members acknowledged that members had similar interests. Moreover, each of the team members had to have exceptional ability to sing with the intention of producing better songs. Indeed, there is a distinct relation between the team and the goals, which it seeks to accomplish throughout their activities. For instance, the team focuses on inspiring the people they interact with through their activities, for example, singing (Hedgeman 2007). The major goals of this choir team include maintaining the group for a significantly long time. In addition, the group focuses on inspiring individuals through the songs. The group also focuses on creating a mentor position in its immediate environment. The mentor position will be instrumental in enhancing the inspirational levels (Knight& Fink 2003). The members of the choir collectively decide on the goals of this team. Consequently, this collective decision on goals enhances rapid growth of the choir. Since the team aims to inspire through their songs, they can develop as a team. Moreover, each member should be responsible to achieve perfect execution of the goals of the team. The team achieves this target when they constantly meet for their rehearsals (Maddux & Winfield 2003). Every member of the team is accountable in fulfilling the goals. Additionally, extensive levels of interconnectivity and connection in the team are supported. For instance, team members must meet on regular basis for practice; furthermore, they communicate on the team’s advancement. They can

Developing a Moral Community with Limited Resources

Developing a Moral Community with Limited Resources Dwayne Potenteau During one of my experiences in hospital I was assigned to a nurse in Telemetry. The nurse (we will call her Susan) had been on shift for about an hour and was already working at a torrid pace. In addition to the clients she had to monitor which were 8 in total, the Rn was also assigned 6 patients to care for. Most of the clients were from ICU or had been assigned to her due to the overflow from the emergency department. One patient in particular (Mrs. Smith) had multiple symptoms starting with hepatic encephalitis with ascites and varices, diabetes, and had been admitted due to atrial fibrillation which had been downgraded to a controlled rate of atrial fibrillation when the nurse came on. The time needed to care for this complex client had to be somehow scheduled into the nurses’ duties to care for the clients on telemetry in conjunction with the other 5 clients. The new order for Mrs Smith had also been changed and a new large dose of 22 units of rapid and 42 units of NPH i nsulin had been modified by the physician. The nurse questioned the order and stated her concerns over the dosage but was told to administer and monitor the client. The dosage along with the limited amount of time to monitor the client posed a larger concern for developing hypoglycemia. The nurse then called in her manager stating the issues of providing care with limited time and nursing complex patients. The manager stated that the nurse just has to deal with it as there was no help available at this time. Reflecting on the experience I felt stressed and a little overwhelmed at the idea of being responsible for so many patients with little time, resources and support. I responded to the situation by providing some relational practice as this was a community experience and I could not actually do much but shadow the nurse. The nurse did not have the time or adequate support in staff to care for the clients other than their immediate urgent needs. The biggest ethical issue I had was determining how could a nurse fulfill their nursing duty to provide safe, compassionate competent care with limited resources. The rising costs of health care have increased the number of clients the nurses must care for and are under stress to keep costs down. As a future nurse, this means taking on a larger workload. When resources are low nurses face the problem of fulfilling the ethical responsibility of prioritizing care while trying to maintain a high professional standard of client centered care for all patients(Canadian Nurses Association[CNA], 2008). The other ethical concern is where do we go to express our concerns when issues such as limited resources prevent us from performing our ethical duties? The last is the amount and quality of care we give when our nursing values are compromised by limited resources. Rationing Care The aforementioned issue revolves around the allocation of resources also known as rationing of care. In nursing, rationing of care can be defined as the withdrawal of necessary components due to the lack of resources (Carryer, 2014; Tonnessen, Nortvedt, Forde, 2011).The reasons for rationing of resources for health care can be linked to 3 main levels. Societal where funding for health care is provided from the government, Institutional, where health authorities and agencies determine which programs receive funding, and individual where professionals determine how to treat individual clients (CNA, 2000). Nurses face the scarcity of resources on a daily basis. This type of infrastructure pressures have forced nurses to make ethical decisions such as distributive justice(Tonnessin et al. 2011). Tonnessin et al. (2011) states that distributive justice is the allocation of resources to those who need it most. The In order to decipher who receives care nurses often need to make these deci sions quickly and effectively. To make these decisions, nurses often call upon their own prioritize their clinical judgements. The hastened assessments and interventions increase the chance of reduced patient care outcomes (Papastravou, Andreou, Vryonides, 2014). The imbalance between time to care for the client and the stresses of limited resources leads to moral distress in deciding what is best for the client as the individual or community as client. Susan had shown that she was torn between serving all her clients and attending to the most critical. Corporate Influence Allocation Utilitarianism is defined as the benefit of the whole outweighs the benefits of the individual. By maximizing time allotted for in caring for the client, the nurse performs only the most necessary procedures. This process deviates from the individualistic care that is required in nursing. Reduction in time allocated for patients, reduced beds, and lengths of stay all lead to reduced care and capacity for choice in a client’s health (CNA, 2000). Part of the reason for the stresses can be linked to the health care system that determines allocation of resources. According to the CNA, corporate values and resulting policy are determine resource allocation through the ideology of economics and scarcity (CNA, 2000). The ideology revolves around the notion that economics and unattainable resources contribute to and justify limited resources for nurses(CNA, 2000). Urban (2014) furthers the corporate culture of scarcity by noting that nurses have come to accept the idea of reduced time , staff, and resources as part of their normal working environment. The fact that nurses had to work with inadequate resources while still being fiscally responsible and giving safe effective care had to has lead many nurses to a state of moral/ethical distress. Moral/Ethical Distress The concept of moral/ethical distress is changing. Even the Code of Ethics which is the governing body for assisting nurses in their decision making has modified over the years. According to the CNA the word â€Å"expectation† had been removed in the 2008 definition of ethical/moral distress (CNA, 2002). Although the definition encompasses what nurses feel when working with limited resources the removal of the word shows an acceptance of the changing culture. The actual definition for ethical/moral distress has changed so has the duty to â€Å"assist persons to achieve their optimum level of health in situations of normal health, illness, injury, or in the process of dying† (CNA, 1997, p.8). The removal of this component of nursing duty clearly shows the effects of limited resources. In particular the omission of the word â€Å"optimal† has been removed from the standards, and only found in the definition of global health (CNA, 2008). The removal of the word opti mal contradicts the actualization of limited beds for patients and bedside care. The contradiction can heighten the difference in how nurses have been educated in providing care and the care they actually give. The discrepancy in giving care due to limited resources leads directly to moral distress. The leading element of moral distress is the lack of time spent with the patient (CNA, 2000). Limited time leads to reduced care, opposing ethical values of how a patient ought to be treated. Moral Community for Nurses Moral Community is defined as a community where values are understood and used to guide ethical actions of the community (CNA, 2008). Although the actual issue of limited resources may not be directly addresses at the nursing level within a hospital, setting up a moral community in the department is a good first step. Nurses have knowledge in direct patient care and the education to determine what role and working environment they want to participate in. In order to address moral distress due to limited resources nurses need to work with their fellow nurses, managers, and policy makers to make these changes. Examples are nurses communicating on ethical issues through their unit and ethical committees in the hospital. Park notes that nurses tend to deal with ethical issues using their own beliefs and values rather than using ethical committees. In addition Kalish (2009) notes that repercussions on speaking about on ethical issues may deter nurses from participating in ethical discussi on or committees. To have the courage to face the stresses of the current nursing environment nurses must embrace moral courage. Moral courage is the ability of a nurse to remain loyal to their moral belief or principle when faced with fear or threats (CNA, 2008). The role of moral courage and ways to address ethical concerns, and moral ethical dilemmas can also be found in nursing associations such as ARNBC (Association of Registered Nurses of BC), and CRNBC (College of Registered Nurses of BC). Since 2005 CRNBC had moved from an association towards a regulatory body and in doing so, had left gaps in how nurses can communicate ethical issues such as limited resources. One of the resources that has been available since 2013 is ARNBC. ARNBC’s mandate to provide communication and act as a voice for the nurses of BC, and also work towards sustainable practices and support structures for nurses (ARNBC, 2015). Since 2005, nurses had no real place to communicate ethical issues such as limited resources and although they had the union, no real avenue to tackle the policy issues or to influence change in their community. In order to improve working conditions ARNBC can support nurses through inter collaboration, and supporting professional prac tice and advancement of the profession. Through these avenues, nurses now have a way to address their ethical concerns not solely focused on limited resources. Another avenue to address limited resources is through CRNBC. Through crnbc nurses can address the limited resources by defining the issue, communication, documentation, and intercollaboration. Defining the issue in the case with susan, claritfication on allocation of 6 patients which is more than the standard amount of patients. Nurses should communicate their problems with their managers and coordinators. Conclusion When providing patient care, observation to what is present and what is influencing nursing practice is crucial to improving overall care. Limited resources leads to rationing of care resulting in less bedside care for patients and presents and ethical dilemma in upholding our References Association of Registered Nurses of BC. (2015). Retrieved February 24, 2015, from http://www.arnbc.ca/about-us/about-us.php Burston, A., Tuckett, A. (2012). Moral distress in nursing: Contributing factors, outcomes, and interventions. Nursing ethics (20).3. 312 324 Canadian Nurses Association. (2008). Code of ethics for registered nurses. Retrieved from http://www.cna-aiic.ca/ CNA/documents/pdf/publications/Code_of_Ethics_2008_e.pdf Canadian Nurses Association. (2000). Working with limited resources: Nurses moral constraints. Ethics in practice. ISSN 1480 – 9990. Ottawa. ON Carryer, J. (2014) The consequences of rationing care. Kai tiaki nursing new Zealand. (20). 6 Kalisch., B. Landstrom., G. Hinshaw., A. (2009). Missed nursing care: A concept analysis. Journal of advanced nursing (65) 7, 1509 1517 Papastravou., E. Andreou., P. Vryonides., S. (2014). The hidden ethical element of nursing care rationing. Nursing ethics. (21) 5 583 – 593 Park, M. (2009). Ethical issues in nursing practice. Journal of nursing law. (13).3. 68 77 Tonnessin., S. Nortvdet., P. Forde., R. (2011). Rationing home based nursing care: Professional ethical implications. Nursing Ethics (18), 3. 386 – 396 Urban, A. (2014). Taken for granted: Normalizing nurses’ work in hospitals. Nursing inquiry. (21). 1. 69 78